author(s)
Dr. Basil John

abstract
Adolescent substance use is an increasing public health concern in Kerala, often beginning with subtle behavioural changes before severe consequences emerge. Teachers, who observe students daily, play a critical role in identifying early warning signs. This study explores teachers’ perceptions and awareness of behavioural indicators associated with adolescent substance use. A mixed-methods design was used, involving structured questionnaires and semi-structured interviews with 150 teachers across Kerala. Findings indicate that although teachers possess basic awareness, significant gaps remain in recognising early and subtle behavioural indicators, particularly those related to newer psychoactive substances. The study recommends targeted training programmes and school-based intervention frameworks to strengthen early detection and prevention.