Dengue has emerged as one of the most significant vector-borne diseases in Bangladesh, with recent years witnessing a sharp increase in incidence and fatalities. This study provides an epidemiological analysis of dengue outbreaks in Bangladesh based on secondary data collected from government reports, WHO publications, hospital records, and peer-reviewed articles. It explores temporal trends, geographic spread, and determinants such as climate change, unplanned urbanization, population density, and changes in dengue virus serotypes. The study reveals that dengue has transitioned from a seasonal urban disease to a widespread national public health concern, with severe outbreaks in 2019 and 2023 resulting in record hospitalization and death rates. Contributing factors include increased rainfall, rising temperatures, poor waste management, and inadequate vector control strategies. The role of healthcare systems, especially general hospitals like Rangpur Medical College and Hospital, is crucial in early detection, effective patient management, and community awareness. This research highlights the urgent need for a proactive, year-round response strategy combining environmental control, strengthened surveillance, trained healthcare personnel, and public engagement. For nurses, understanding dengue trends and response protocols is essential for improving patient outcomes and supporting broader national control efforts.