author(s)
Tariq Ahmad Dev and Afshana Rasool

abstract
Arterial Blood Gas (ABG) analysis is an essential diagnostic tool used in clinical practice to assess a patient’s oxygenation, ventilation and acid base status. It plays a crucial role in managing critically ill patients, guiding therapeutic interventions, and monitoring disease progression. This article reviews existing literature on ABG analysis and highlights its importance in nursing and medical decision making. Evidence from previous studies demonstrates that ABG interpretation helps in early detection of respiratory failure, metabolic disorders and other life threatening conditions. Literature from 2010-2025 was reviewed. The review emphasizes the need for nurses and health care professionals to possess sound knowledge and skills in ABG interpretation for improved patient outcomes. Despite its importance, research has shown a gap in knowledge and interpretation skills among health care professionals, particularly nurses. Findings suggest that structured teaching programs and simulation based learning can sigmificamty improve competency. Enhancing ABG interpretation skills is essential for improving patient outcomes, reducing complications, and ensuring evidence based clinical decion making.