Background: Antipsychotic non-adherence is associated with an increased risk of relapse. Discontinuation of antipsychotic medication continues to be a common problem in the treatment of patients with schizophrenia. It is important to develop strategies to improve medication adherence. Little qualitative research has been conducted to understand the consumer perspective. Therefore, the scientific literature lacks the voice of those who have been prescribed these drugs.

Aim of this study was to explore the Perceptions of primary caregivers and patients with schizophrenia about medication adherence and non-adherence.

Methods: Focus group discussions were held with 12 patients with schizophrenia and 12 primary caregivers of patients with schizophrenia. A semi-structured interview guide was used to understand the various aspects and issues related to medication adherence and non-adherence.

Results: Based on the experiences and descriptions of primary caregivers and patients, a clinical practice model was created to improve adherence. The target interventions expected from the participants are mainly education and encouragement from family, friends and society. Most participants stated that both patients and their primary caregivers should understand the importance of medications, and family members should share the positive benefits of medications with patients. Education should be provided to manage adverse drug reactions that may lead to medication adherence.

Conclusion: These findings suggest that family, health care providers, and society often need to encourage patients to improve medication adherence. Patients must trust the treatment and understand the benefits of the medication in terms of good adherence.